Impact Aid (84.041)
Impact Aid (Assistance Listing 84.041) is run by the Department of Education. It awarded $7.4 billion in 7,018 grants from fiscal 2021 to 2025, about $1.1 million per award on average. 1 funding opportunity is open or forecast now.
The typical award was $125,779. Half of the 7,018 awards fell between $32,831 and $553,417, and they ranged from $53 to $70.6 million.
- Awarded, FY 2021 to 2025$7.4 billion
- Grant awards7,018
- Typical award$125,779
- Awarded in FY 2025$1.6 billion
- Size rank66 of 1,823
- Type of assistanceFormula grants, project grants (discretionary)
Key findings
- Annual funding was roughly flat, $1.5 billion in fiscal 2021 and $1.6 billion in fiscal 2025.
- It is the 66th largest of 1,823 federal grant programs by five-year awards.
- The 20 largest recipients received 33% of the money.
- Awards went to recipients in 52 states and territories.
What the program funds
To provide financial assistance to local educational agencies (LEAs) where affected by Federal activities, i.e., where the tax base of a district is reduced through the Federal acquisition of real property (Section 7002, ESEA), and where the presence of certain children living on Federal property places a financial burden on the LEAs that educate them (Sections 7003 and 7007, ESEA).
Open opportunities
Rules from the program listing
Who can apply
Local educational agencies that provide free public elementary or secondary education may apply. Under Section 7002, generally, assistance is provided to districts where an aggregate of 10 percent or more of the assessed valuation of all real property in the school district as of the time(s) of acquisition has been acquired by the Federal Government since 1938 and the district is not being substantially compensated by revenue from activities on the eligible Federal property. Under Section 7003, assistance is provided to districts where at least three percent or 400 of the total number of eligible federally connected children in average daily attendance (ADA) live on Federal property including Indian lands and/or have a parent who works on Federal property or is on active duty in the uniformed services. Under Section 7007(b), "heavily impacted" LEAs that enroll a high proportion (at least 40 percent) of federally connected children, or have little or no funding capacity, may be eligible for a competitive construction award.
What the money can and cannot pay for
Under formula awards, most assistance becomes part of the general operating fund of the LEAs. Districts usually deposit the Federal payment in the general operating funds account in accordance with State laws, together with all State and local funds available for current operating expenses and use this combined account to finance the school program in the district. Special additional payments made to LEAs related to enrollments of federally connected children with disabilities must be used for programs and projects designed to meet the special educational and related needs of these children. Payments for construction may be used for construction and renovation, debt service, or other capital fund activities. Under discretionary construction awards, funds must be used for the project grant described in the application and grant award notification. The discretionary construction grant program is subject to non-supplanting requirements and must use a restricted indirect cost rate which is referenced under 34 CFR 76.564-76.569. For assistance call the Office of the Chief Financial Officer/Indirect Cost Group on 202-708-7770.
Matching requirements
This program has no statutory formula. Matching requirements are not applicable to this assistance listing. MOE requirements are not applicable to this assistance listing.
Deadlines
Deadlines do not apply
Award range and average, in the agency's words
For FY 2024, the range of awards for Basic Support Payments was between $363-$64,065,457 with an average award of $1,563,097; for Payments for Children With Disabilities, the range of awards was between $605-$1,250,622 with an average award of $62,667; for formula Construction, the range of awards was between $1,314-$1,778,460 with an average award of $114,458; and for Payments for Federal Property the range of awards was between $1,240-$6,241,671 with an average award of $395,000.
Funding history and past recipients
From fiscal 2021 to 2025, Impact Aid (84.041) awarded $7.4 billion across 7,018 grant awards, an average of $1.1 million per award.
Who usually wins
State and local governments received 98% of the money, businesses 0.7% and tribes 0.6%.
| Recipient type | Awards | Amount | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| State and local governments | 6,921 | $7.3 billion | 98% |
| Businesses | 10 | $48.9 million | 0.7% |
| Tribal governments and organizations | 34 | $41.6 million | 0.6% |
| Other | 13 | $29.5 million | 0.4% |
| Colleges and universities | 8 | $14.0 million | 0.2% |
| Nonprofits | 32 | $4.8 million | less than 0.1% |
By state
49 states have a page for this program: those that received at least $1 million or 10 awards.
| State | Awards | Amount |
|---|---|---|
| Arizona | 384 | $972 million |
| Alaska | 238 | $614 million |
| Texas | 264 | $563 million |
| New Mexico | 170 | $502 million |
| California | 536 | $490 million |
| South Dakota | 273 | $411 million |
| Washington | 264 | $377 million |
| Montana | 376 | $347 million |
| New York | 147 | $331 million |
| Colorado | 87 | $228 million |
| Oklahoma | 1,294 | $219 million |
| Hawaii | 24 | $218 million |
| Virginia | 145 | $207 million |
| Kansas | 134 | $192 million |
| North Dakota | 152 | $174 million |
| Illinois | 148 | $152 million |
| Missouri | 189 | $148 million |
| Minnesota | 160 | $142 million |
| Nebraska | 80 | $135 million |
| New Jersey | 126 | $127 million |
| Wisconsin | 127 | $106 million |
| North Carolina | 180 | $98.6 million |
| Wyoming | 61 | $93.5 million |
| Georgia | 136 | $85.8 million |
| Michigan | 117 | $51.3 million |
| Utah | 30 | $50.2 million |
| Florida | 89 | $46.8 million |
| Idaho | 54 | $45.5 million |
| Louisiana | 31 | $42.1 million |
| Nevada | 48 | $35.1 million |
| Maryland | 59 | $33.0 million |
| Connecticut | 28 | $28.8 million |
| Oregon | 32 | $19.7 million |
| Ohio | 102 | $18.2 million |
| Pennsylvania | 102 | $17.3 million |
| Maine | 47 | $14.4 million |
| Tennessee | 81 | $12.7 million |
| Alabama | 106 | $11.5 million |
| Mississippi | 47 | $11.0 million |
| Rhode Island | 29 | $9.5 million |
| Kentucky | 116 | $9.3 million |
| South Carolina | 57 | $8.8 million |
| Puerto Rico | 6 | $8.3 million |
| District of Columbia | 8 | $5.5 million |
| Indiana | 44 | $3.8 million |
| Massachusetts | 19 | $3.2 million |
| Arkansas | 21 | $3.1 million |
| Iowa | 23 | $1.9 million |
| Vermont | 16 | $1.6 million |
| Delaware | 6 | $256,357 |
| West Virginia | 4 | $18,865 |
| U.S. Virgin Islands | 1 | $16,940 |